I am now, officially, worried about Trump.
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15% of Canadians use pronouns in their email signatures.
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Our findings indicate that the shale gas boom reduced average U.S. annual greenhouse gas emissions per capita by 7.5%.--Lindequist
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The former Pittsburgh anesthesiologist who was arrested for trying to kill his wife in Hawaii had previously been married to sex worker Jessica Patella; The two married when they were both just 20 and stayed married for over 15 years, sharing two children.
One of their children, a trans man who goes by Kieren, shared details from his difficult childhood in an essay published online and written in the second person.
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Fossil Fuel and Shakespeare
A recent article by Mills argues that energy sources are rarely replaced; they are augmented.
Michael Cembalest, J. P. Morgan’s chairman of market and investment strategy, notes, “After $9 trillion globally over the last decade spent on wind, solar, electric vehicles, energy storage, electrified heat and power grids, the renewable transition is still a linear one; the renewable share of final energy consumption is slowly advancing at 0.3%–0.6% per year.” Cembalest’s bottom line: “Growth in fossil fuel consumption is slowing but no clear sign of a peak on a global basis.” That is to say, no “energy transition” is in sight.
So, what's the story? Are we not trying hard enough? Not spending enough? Not distorting our economies enough?
Humanity has used the same six primary energy sources for millennia: grains, animal fats, wood, water, wind, and fossil fuels. The world today uses more of all of these categories than ever before. But “energy transition” means more than a different emphasis, it means replacement and elimination. Is that happening?
Civilization hasn’t even transitioned away from slavery, at least not in the case of African mining, as documented in the book Cobalt Red. If the Global Slavery Index is correct, more humans are mired in forced labor now than at any time in history. Read that again. More humans are mired in forced labor now than at any time in history. Likewise, the world today uses more “working animals” than ever—some 200 million, fueled by grain, even in the U.S. with its weird grain-to-ethanol cult.
Mill's recent City Journal article pointed out a single example of replacement of an energy source: whaling. Today, global biofuel production (biodiesel) is about 1,000 times greater than two centuries ago. While that production is now dominated by plant oils (especially soybean and Jatropha), roughly 100 times more animal fats are used today for fuel than during the peak whale-harvesting era. Abandoning whale oil is history’s one clear exception to the no-energy-transitions rule.
Whales were not saved by esthetics but by advances in chemical science and the invention, circa 1840, of coal-to-kerosene synthesis; one ton of coal could yield as much oil as harvesting three tons of whales. The value of harvesting whales simply collapsed.
Wood? Overall, burning wood supplies the world with twice as much energy as all the world’s solar and wind machines combined. Even in the U.S., the use of wood for fuel is greater now than a century ago.
The use of watermills for the industrial grinding of grains dates back to ancient Greece. It soared during the Middle Ages when an estimated 500,000 watermills operated in Europe. But that was hardly peak waterpower. Global hydro dams today produce roughly 500 times more energy. Global wind turbines harvest at least fifty-fold more wind energy than ever in history.
And, presumably, nuclear power will eventually overcome prejudice and become a factor.
No energy source is thrown away unless, like whale oil, it becomes economically impractical. Of course, no energy has been vilified and placed on the Index before, but religious suppression, however strange and fanciful, never works for long. It becomes something we learn to live with, like shingles. Even Shakespeare suppression is having an ignoble--if laughable-- revival.
But once we get past the pitchforks-in-the-street phase, things will work out. Why they're even burning electric cars!