The Gospel According to Munger

 On this day:

1066
Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings – In England on Senlac Hill, seven miles from Hastings, the Norman forces of William the Conqueror defeat the English army and kill King Harold II of England.
1322
Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland’s independence.
1586
Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for conspiracy against Elizabeth I of England.
1656
Massachusetts enacts the first punitive legislation against the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). The marriage of church-and-state in Puritanism makes them regard the Quakers as spiritually apostate and politically subversive.
1867
The 15th and the last military Shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate resigns in Japan, returning his power to the Emperor of Japan and thence to the re-established civil government of Japan
1912
While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the former President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, is shot and mildly wounded by John Schrank, a mentally-disturbed saloon keeper. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still within it, Mr. Roosevelt still carries out his scheduled public speech.
1913
Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, the United Kingdom’s worst coal mining accident, occurs, and it claims the lives of 439 miners.
1943
The American Eighth Air Force loses 60 B-17 Flying Fortress heavy bombers in aerial combat during the second mass-daylight air raid on the Schweinfurt ball-bearing factories in western Nazi Germany.
1947
Captain Chuck Yeager of the U.S. Air Force flies a Bell X-1 rocket-powered experimental aircraft, the Glamorous Glennis, faster than the speed of sound - over the high desert of Southern California - and becomes the first pilot and the first airplane to do so in level flight.
1962
The Cuban Missile Crisis begins: A U.S. Air Force U-2 reconnaissance plane and its pilot fly over the island of Cuba and take photographs of Soviet missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads being installed and erected in Cuba.
1968
Jim Hines of the United States of America becomes the first man ever to break the so-called “ten-second barrier” in the 100-meter sprint in the Summer Olympic Games held in Mexico City with a time of 9.95 seconds. He generally did not run out of blocks.
1994
The Palestinian leader, Yasser Arafat, The Prime Minister of Israel, Yitzhak Rabin, and the Foreign Minister of Israel, Shimon Peres, receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in the establishment of the Oslo Accords and the framing of the future Palestinian Self Government. And some wonder why Peace Prizes are not taken seriously.
2003
Chicago Cubs fan Steve Bartman becomes infamously known as the scapegoat for the Cubs losing game 6 of the 2003 National League Championship Series to the Florida Marlins. This has become known as the Steve Bartman incident.

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Eric Trump's book documents that he and his family received 112 subpoenas and spent 400 million dollars in their defense during the Biden Regency's legal attack on Trump and his family. The shocking intensity and the volume of these attacks in a free nation make Trump's response look less churlish.


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As of August 28th, 170 billionaire families have spent over $1.7 billion to influence the outcome of the 2026 federal midterm elections.

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An error by Guardians All-Star José Ramírez, who is their reliable and constant hero, and Peralta's six scoreless innings, allowed the Rays to even the playoffs with Cleveland, 1-1.

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The Pope's cancer is adenocarcinoma, a more random, and generally more aggressive, lung primary. It sounds early.

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Well, Guilfoyle is gone, as if it would make a difference. The Greeks called her removal "an issue of national dignity." 

The ethics of the political charade are simple: do not let them see behind the disguise. But Trump seems to relish it. No wonder his representatives can get confused.
"National dignity."

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Across the board, affecting everything from attention spans to problem-solving skills and numeracy, or the ability to work with and understand numbers and mathematical concepts, the OECD's Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies shows declines among all age groups.

It is, however, worse here in the U.S. in some cases than in the rest of the world.

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The Gospel According to Munger

Munger was a great success and thought about it a lot. Here are some of his suggestions from several sources, organized by Burns.

 

1. Let Go of High Expectations

“The first rule of a happy life is low expectations. That’s one you can easily arrange. And if you have unrealistic expectations, you’re going to be miserable all your life.” –- Charlie Munger

This does not suggest low effort. People hear “low expectations” and picture someone who has quit trying. Munger meant something closer to realism. You can work as hard as you want on a goal but accept that the world owes you nothing for the effort.

2. Let Go of Envy and Social Comparison

“Someone will always be getting richer faster than you. This is no great tragedy.”--Charlie Munger

Aquinas defined envy as sadness at the success of others. Sadness.

Munger had a low opinion of envy. In his words, “Envy is a really stupid sin because it’s the only one you could never possibly have any fun at.”

Yet it can be relished and sometimes turned into a lifestyle or a job in politics.

3. Let Go of Resentment and Self-Pity

“Generally speaking, envy, resentment, revenge, and self-pity are disastrous modes of thought.” --Charlie Munger

Self-pity feels comforting for about a day. After that, it keeps you parked in the same mental spot, replaying how unfair things were while the problem sits there untouched.

Resentment is worse because it hands your mood to someone else. The coworker who took credit for your project probably isn’t thinking about you at all, and neither is the relative who said something cruel at Thanksgiving. Munger’s fix was practical. Take whatever lesson the hit offers and focus on what you can still change.

4. Let Go of Bad Habits Through Inversion

“Invert, always invert.” – Charlie Munger

Munger picked up this habit from the German mathematician Carl Jacobi and applied it to stock picks and to his own life. Instead of asking how to be happy, you ask what reliably makes people miserable. Then you stop doing those things.

He liked to put it in a joke: “All I want to know is where I’m going to die, so I’ll never go there.”

Make a short list of what reliably leaves you worse off. For a lot of people, that list includes spending money they don’t have, saying yes to plans they’ll bail on, scrolling at 1 a.m., and one friend who always leaves them drained. Pick the worst item and quit it first.

Munger thought avoiding dumb mistakes beat chasing brilliance. “It is remarkable how much long-term advantage people like us have gotten by trying to be consistently not stupid, instead of trying to be very intelligent.”

5. Let Go of Stagnation and Become a Learning Machine

“They go to bed every night a little wiser than they were when they got up, and boy does that help, particularly when you have a long run ahead of you.” – Charlie Munger

Learning, you can see yourself getting better at something even when the rest of life is flat.

The Melting Pot

On this day:

54
Roman Emperor Claudius is poisoned to death under mysterious circumstances. His 17-year-old stepson Nero succeeds him to the Roman throne
409
Vandals and Alans cross the Pyrenees and appear in Hispania.
1307
Hundreds of Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into a “confession” of heresy.
1773
The Whirlpool Galaxy is discovered by Charles Messier.
1884
Greenwich, in London, England, is established as Universal Time meridian of longitude.
1917
The “Miracle of the Sun” is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Fátima, Portugal.
1972
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains, near the border between Argentina and Chile. By December 23, 1972, only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued. Survival can be a mixed blessing.
2010
The 2010 Copiapó mining accident in Copiapó, Chile comes to an end as all 33 miners arrive at the surface after surviving a record 69 days underground awaiting rescue.

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“There’s nothing Christian about Christian nationalism.” -- James Talarico. Strong answers to unasked questions are always political fun.

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Unknown hackers have remotely compromised industrial refrigeration systems across hundreds of French supermarkets, forcing cooling units into continuous defrost cycles and spiking temps up to 50°C (122°F). (Le Monde) Imagine waking up in the morning with the sole goal of gratuitously harming strangers.

***

The U.S. is a net diesel exporter.

"...if Trump were really concerned about the price burden on Americans (and the midterm prospects of Republicans), he could simply end his imbecilic trade war with Canada, our ally and neighbor. Because of the complexities of the global diesel market, as well as such inane American policies as the Jones Act and the discouragement of new refining capacity, we do import some diesel despite being a net exporter. The vast majority of those imports come from Canada — from which we could easily import more if necessary without violating sanctions laws and lending comfort to our Russian enemy. But Trump being Trump, he’d rather appease Putin than admit that his trade policies antagonize our allies while crushing Americans."--from a NR article on Trump's strange decisions on diesel, which includes this: 

"The second reason for doing the diesel deal with Putin is, as ever, corruption. In early October, the New York Times reported that Trump is working on an even more execrable multibillion-dollar oil deal with Putin: The U.S. would waive sanctions so that an investor group could buy up oil fields, refineries, and gas stations around the world that are owned by Lukoil, the Russian energy giant. The deal has been negotiated by Trump’s aforementioned emissaries, Kushner and Witkoff. Among the major beneficiaries are said to be one of Trump’s major donors (Todd Boehly, who has donated $2 million to Trump political causes) and Middle Eastern executives who have business ties to Trump, Kushner, and Witkoff. These include Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed al Nahyan, the top security official of the United Arab Emirates — who, as I detailed in a series earlier this year, is a part owner of the Trump and Witkoff families’ crypto enterprise, into which Tahnoon has poured $2.5 billion. (That enterprise is the main explanation for the jaw-dropping increase in Trump’s net worth during his second term in “public service” — well over $2 billion in just 20 months.)

***

There's a movement growing aimed at Peter Thiel's legal use of a legal government tax program devised to help people avoid impoverishment in their old age by the tax and spend governmental system and the failing government social security plan. 

Seemingly the demand for equality does not cut both ways.

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A Six Flags Over Georgia park visitor died after an incident on the Goliath roller coaster on Monday. Four others were injured in the incident.

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Bednar is a free agent.

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The Melting Pot
 
My seventh grade teacher would repeat her mantra daily as she wagged a bony finger at us: "Remember, children, America is not a melting pot of culture." 

I puzzled over this at the time, and it was years before I understood what she meant. Her point is, years later, a basic question in this country: what binds the people of this country together? How does a free people not spin off in all directions? Do the individual cultures transplanted here have to be managed and constrained? Where does the nation-state start to conform to unify? What must be lost?

Wasn't America the great melting pot?

No, not of culture, but there has been a melding. The essence is that the men and women of America have come together and agreed that all men are created equal, that all men have an inherent value that makes them equal among each other and before the law. And, as a result, every man can pursue his life freely as long as he adheres to this essential principle. That is the country's foundation and it allows the separate cultures to develop as they will. It permits the diverse peoples in the country to pursue their different lives and beliefs, to pursue their separate cultures, and not surrender their many cultures into a common alloy. The Americans are joined in the mind, not at the hip.

Other cultures are joined by a common history. Or ethnicity. Or religion. It will be difficult for an Algerian to be French. Sadaharu Oh was never truly Japanese. A Mormon will not find peace in Saudi Arabia.

America's unity is not in a melting pot of culture. It is a philosophy, an a priori agreement of its citizens of the rights and responsibilities of man.

“What do We mean by the Revolution? The War?” Adams wrote to Jefferson in his old age. “That was no part of the Revolution. It was only an Effect and Consequence of it. The Revolution was in the Minds of the People.”  

The Antagonists

On this day:
539 BC
The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon.
1216
King John of England loses his crown jewels in The Wash, probably near Fosdyke, perhaps near Sutton Bridge
1279
Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk founder of Nichiren Buddhism, inscribes the Dai-Gohonzon
1492
Christopher Columbus’s expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean, specifically in The Bahamas. The explorer believes he has reached India
1692
The Salem witch trials are ended by a letter from Massachusetts Governor William Phips.
1773
America‘s first insane asylum opens for 'Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds’in Virginia
1823
Charles Macintosh of Scotland sells the first raincoat.
1871
Criminal Tribes Act (CTA) enacted by British rule in India, which named over 160 local communities 'Criminal Tribes', i.e. hereditary criminals. Repealed in 1949, after Independence of India. Critical theory?
1960
Cold War: Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe on a desk at United Nations General Assembly meeting to protest a Philippine assertion of Soviet Union colonial policy being conducted in Eastern Europe
1960
Inejiro Asanuma, Chair of the Japanese Socialist Party, is assassinated in Japan by Otoya Yamaguchi, a 17-year-old. The cameras were rolling at the time, so the moment was caught on film.
1984
Brighton hotel bombing: The Provisional Irish Republican Army attempt to assassinate Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet. Thatcher escapes but the bomb kills five people and wounds 31.
2000
The USS Cole is badly damaged in Aden, Yemen, by two suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39
2002
Terrorists detonate bombs in the Sari Club in Kuta, Bali, killing 202 and wounding over 300.
2005
The second Chinese human spaceflight Shenzhou 6 launched carrying Fèi Jùnlóng and Niè Hǎishèng for five days in orbit.

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“And if you think tough men are dangerous, wait until you see what weak men are capable of."--Peterson 

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Today is "Columbus Day" or Indigineous Peoples Day," commemmorating the meeting of two peoples, a tribel namadic people of earlier times and a new people, of the wheel, of steam power, of cities, of distance weapons, religeous ferver, and mass organization. History then sat back to watch the encounter.
Some people are shocked at the results of this collision.

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Ideocracy: noun:
1. Government according to the principles of a particular ideology.
2. A state or society governed in this way.

ETYMOLOGY:
From ideo- (idea) + -cracy (rule). Earliest documented use: 1813.

Ideocracy is one letter away from idiocracy (government by idiots). The pairing even has presidential precedent: John Adams proposed ideocracy on the model of ideology but his written coined word appears to read 'idiocracy,' while his grandson’s 1851 edition prints 'ideocracy.' So it's a thin line between rule by ideas and rule by idiots.

***

President Trump stated that inflation could pay down the debt rapidly. That is, high inflation is a de facto method of reducing the real burden of debt. Is that the plan?

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One common observation about American government is the apparent concern with the letter of the law and not with the crucial element in government the Founders recognized: the ability and willingness within the nature of politicians to sacrifice the community's well-being for their own advantage. The sanctity of the individual citizen seems to have been displaced in the hubbub.

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A federal judge ordered the Trump administration on Sunday to stop airing ads funded by the U.S. government that portray President Donald Trump in a favorable light, effective immediately.
Why is this even debatable?


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Funny shirt but, like so much in politics, doesn't actually describe what's happening.

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After being drafted by the Pirates last year, third baseman Murph Gray hit .305 with a 1.042 OPS, 32 home runs and 97 RBIs in 2026.

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The Antagonists

In most of the adventure stories I remember, the really, really bad guy is a businessman. I can't think of a Bond movie without one. It's never a politician with his nukes, or his lab making a homicidal virus, or his army. And, of course, the ubiquitous revolutionary wants the government to solve the problem of evil so the evil must not be centered in the government.

Indeed, the fear of the impact of corporations and businesses on our lives might be exaggerated by special interests who seek their own power through government. Commerce is a good target. It's everywhere and more personal than government. Problems can be personalized, as at some point, a commercial transaction always occurs.

Monopoly accusations are hard to deny when a business is successful. And there's always the Jews. They own lots of businesses and were perfect for Hitler. So a businessman can be shot in the street by a stranger, and many people debate about it. They consider the factors.

Strangely, commercial interests are seen as wealthy, even though they pale in comparison to government wealth. 60% of American land is privately owned; the other 40% is government land. For fiscal year 2025, the budget proposed $7 trillion in spending. Put that number up against your average business. Commercial companies hope you buy their product; the government sends you a bill for the money they need and arrests you if you don't comply.

Governments are armed to the teeth, have unimaginable weapons, have a police force and an army, write rules you must obey, manipulate the economy, crush disagreement, regulate borders and trade, invade and destroy people they don't like, build weapons of mass destruction and end-of-life potential, and constantly harrangue their citizens about the danger of the neighborhood grocer.

With all this power, you would think they would do a better job--a bigger question. After all, how many of us could list government job requirements? How could you tell a good government leader from a bad one? And what about his legions of assistants and advisors? None of the bureaucrats I've encountered resemble any of those noble idealists Michael Lewis knows. What if these guys are there by chance, or simple persistence? Are they going to be able to rise to the occasion when real business threats like dangerous pharmaceuticals, military accidents, or AI present themselves? They don't seem to be able to keep the streets drivable or safe.

That might be a good place to start.

Sunday/The Wedding Guest

On this day:

1634
The Burchardi flood – “the second Grote Mandrenke” killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.

(On the 16th of January 1219 the first Marcellus flood took between 36,000 and 100,000 casualties, drowning people along the coasts of Westfriesland and Groningen, as well as along the River Elbe and also the Jade Bight. The Second Saint Marcellus flood — 15th and 17th January 1362--was so disasterous that it was given a name of its own, the First Big "Mandränke". Mandränke translates into English as 'great drowning of men,' with 100,000 casualties. It swept across the British Isles, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Schleswig, and Denmark, southern Jutland. Some 30 to 40 villages were lost.)

1649
Sack of Wexford: After a ten-day siege, English New Model Army troops (under Oliver Cromwell) stormed the town of Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians
1809
Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder’s Stand.

1962
Second Vatican Council: Pope John XXIII convenes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years.
1968
Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.
1972
A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam during Operation Linebacker.

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Most scientific breakthroughs result from accidents that smart people recognize as important. Breakthroughs are not determined by committees, even Nobel Committees, by the consensus of experts, or by Congressional legislation.--Happer

***

Stanton’s contract carries a total value of $325 million, making him one of the most expensive players in franchise history. There are rumors the Yankees might cut him.

***

Who did Germany's ex-spymaster spy for?

***

Guardians won last night to complete their comeback. They struck out 21.

***

What is Trump doing with oil and Ukraine? Does he  expect Ukraine to sacrifice itself for the betterment of the West? Remember Hilary's comment on hearing of the Russian invasion, "Good. Russia will bleed itself dry."

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Anthropic says it now prohibits “sustained and needless abusive or cruel behavior toward our models.” What?

This sounds crazy but it is meaningful in that it implies Anthropic believes its machines are capable of subjective experiences. Nobody else believes that, nor do they think we should be analyzing AI as if it is sentient.

What could this mean? Are AI's feelings in development? Are its creators themselves confused? Or is this just insincere marketing? Do they want you to think of its mechanical product as personal? Which is to say, are the leaders of this technology manipulating us?

***

A gambling addiction nonprofit, the nation's largest, accepted a $2 million donation from Kalshi.

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Sunday/The Wedding Guest

This week's gospel is the wedding guest gospel. In it, a king invites his people to his son's wedding. His people first ignore, then kill his messengers. The king attacks them and destroys their city. He then invites strangers and passers-by to the wedding.

Then things get really tough.

One new guest is improperly dressed. The king berates him, binds him and throws him into the darkness. This to a guy who was a stand-in for the original guests; a throw-in. A substitute. Just along for the food, the ride. He is judged as strictly as the original guests who owed the king.

Spiritually, Woody Allen is wrong: You get no credit for "showing up."

SatStats

On this day:

19
Roman general Germanicus suddenly dies in Antioch under mysterious circumstances. Roman historian Tactius records that Germanicus was poisoned by Syrian Governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso under orders from Roman Emperor Tiberius.
680
Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.
732
Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe. The governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, is killed during the battle.
1580
After a three-day siege, the English Army beheads over 600 Irish and Papal soldiers and civilians at Dún an Óir, Ireland.
1780
The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000-30,000 in the Caribbean.
1911
The Wuchang Uprising leads to the demise of Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the Republic of China.
1933
United Airlines Chesterton Crash: A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
1938
The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.
1945
The Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang signed a principle agreement in Chongqing about the future of post-war China. Later, the pact is commonly referred to as the Double-Ten Agreement.
1957
The Windscale fire in Cumbria, U.K. is the world’s first major nuclear accident.
1970
In Montreal, Quebec, a national crisis hits Canada when Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.
1973
Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew resigns after being charged with federal income tax evasion.

***

The contest for ages has been to rescue liberty from the grasp of executive power--Daniel Webster

***

A powerful magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck near Panama's southern tip on Friday morning, shaking buildings more than 100 miles away in the capital and prompting evacuations, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. A second powerful 6.6 magnitude earthquake struck the country later in the day following a series of aftershocks.
Amazingly, there have been no reported deaths yet and the predicted tsunami never materialized.

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The Battle of Tours in 732, also called the Battle of Poitiers, pit the Franks against The Umayyad Caliphate. Islam was invading France. Charles Martel (The Hammer) defeated ‘Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, who was killed. The significance and the facts are always debated. It is assumed that the two armies met where the rivers Clain and Vienne join between Tours and Poitiers. The Franks (and Burgundians) numbered about 30,000, the Muslims about 80,000. (But there is significant disagreement over these numbers.) Europe has always claimed it a great victory, Islam less so.

What is without doubt is that 109 years after the death of the Prophet, when communication was very limited, a most powerful army developed from nowhere and, under the inspiration of this dead man, threatened to conquer the entire known world.

***

Kimberly Guilfoyle was preparing for her congressional hearing to become U.S. ambassador to Greece when she reached out to a Trump donor with an urgent request: She needed $100,000 that she said she owed American Express—in a way that wouldn’t leave a paper trail.

“It won’t show up anywhere if you wire money to American Express,” she wrote on Signal, according to messages reviewed by The Wall Street Journal. “Please, honey.”

This will be Trump's son's ex-girlfriend, not Newsom's ex-wife.

***

Weeks after revealing the city was five years away from running out of reserve funding, Pittsburgh leaders announced a series of reforms Tuesday aimed at increasing transparency and cracking down on a mayor’s ability to spend money without the council’s authorization. Huh? Like DeBlasio's wife's $800,000 million?

***

The government plans to televise the execution of the Fort Hood fanatic. They've actually created some sympathy for this lunatic.

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President Trump said Friday that Russian President Vladimir Putin would “immediately” release hundreds of thousands of tons of diesel fuel onto the global market.

Trump made the announcement on Truth Social and said the action would will help bring diesel prices down.

Since its invasion of Ukraine, wide-ranging sanctions have been applied to Russia. In order to get the diesel fuel moved, the Treasury Department simultaneously announced Friday that it would be easing sanctions on Russia through April 7.

What exactly are we doing? What will Ukraine think? Europe? Are we skewering international politics for local effect?

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Trump's success has never been his own. He has been an outsider in a corrupt game run by incompetents. Imagine running against the Biden Regency in America. Then Kamala. But the bell curve is flattening and Kamala actually got over 48% of the votes. Trump's success has hinged on his seesaw not tipping into the Regency-Kamala authoritarian-incompetence-foolish range. He's close.

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SatStats

The number of Japanese companies operating in China fell to the lowest level on record.

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College:

While the money premium from college is falling, the friends and marriage premium from college is going up and probably will rise further still.

The data show that college-educated people are more likely to marry, and to stay married. More generally, college-educated folks have superior social indicators of all kinds, including resistance to alcohol, drug, and gambling addiction. (Charles Murray wrote a whole book on this theme, called Coming Apart: The State of White America, 1960-2010.)

If you have a bachelor’s degree and are over 25 years of age, your chance of being married is 64 percent. If you have only a high school degree, your odds of being married are an even 50 percent.

For divorce, the results are more dramatic yet. The chance of a woman remaining married for at least 20 years is 78 percent if she went to college, but 41 percent if she is only a high school graduate. For men, the gradient is less sharp though still significant—namely, 65 percent versus 47 percent.

People who finished college also have more extensive networks of friends. For instance, they are twice as likely to have six or more close friends, and less than half as likely to have no close friends at all.

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1% and 2% of people worldwide have red hair, which makes it the rarest natural hair color. In Ireland and Scotland, roughly a tenth of people have it, and a much larger share of the population carries the trait without showing any sign of it.

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Jupiter's moon Europa contains the fourth-biggest saltwater ocean in the solar system. Earth has about the ninth-biggest. Pluto does have a saltwater ocean, and Pluto's ocean may be as big as, or bigger than Earth's.

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If you took all the DNA in your body and stretched it out end to end, it would be roughly 42 billion miles long. That's enough to go from Earth to the Sun and back more than 200 times. All of that DNA is packed inside microscopic cells. So, do it.

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Italy:

Italy could lose nearly 4 million residents by 2050, with the population falling from 58.9 million at the beginning of 2025 to 55 million in 2050, the national statistics office Istat predicted on Monday.

By 2080, the number is expected to fall to 45.8 million, according to the Istat forecasts. The main reason is said to be a low birth rate, as the death rate rises.

In her first government policy statement, Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni declared that promoting the birth rate would be a political priority for her government and appointed a birth minister. A birth minister. This has not halted the downward trend.

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The age 20-24 unemployment rate is unchanged since the AI boom began.

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Rome
The people, 320,000 of whom depended on public rations for food, were ready to follow any man who promised to obtain for them by revolution what they could not obtain by law. Ergo, Caesar.

320,000!

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In the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances, released Friday and covering the three years ended 2025, the share of families behind on loan payments jumped from about 12% in the prior survey to nearly 20%.
That is the highest level since the 2010 survey, when the country was still climbing out of the 2007 to 2009 crash.

Families two months or more behind rose from 5% to more than 8%.

Families spending more than 40% of income on debt payments rose from 6.5% to 8.6%, the highest since 2013.

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California’s top 1% pay nearly half the state’s income taxes.

A Plague

 

On this day:

1514
Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor.
1604
Supernova 1604, the most recent supernova to be observed in the Milky Way.
1635
Founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams, is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he speaks out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.
1740
Dutch colonists and various slave groups begin massacring ethnic Chinese in Batavia, eventually killing 10,000 and leading to a two-year-long war throughout Java.
1845
The eminent and controversial Anglican, John Henry Newman, is received into the Roman Catholic Church.
1854
Crimean War: The siege of Sebastopol begins. As does Tolstoy's career as a writer: “A disagreement that has not been solved by diplomacy will still less be solved by powder and blood.”
1919
Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds win the World Series

1936
Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to generate electricity from the Colorado River and transmit it 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
1940
World War II: Battle of Britain – During a night-time air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul’s Cathedral in the City of London, England is hit by a bomb.
1967
A day after being captured, Marxist revolutionary Ernesto “Che” Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
1969
In Chicago, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection with the trial of the “Chicago Eight” that began on September 24.
2006
North Korea allegedly tests its first nuclear device.
2009
First lunar impact of the Centaur and LCROSS spacecraft as part of NASA’s Lunar Precursor Robotic Program. LCROSS set out to confirm the presence or absence of water ice in a permanently shadowed crater at the moon’s south pole. On October 9, 2009, the vehicle’s spent Centaur upper stage impacted the crater Cabeus. Then the Shepherding Spacecraft descended through Centaur’s ejectate plume, collecting and relaying data before impacting the lunar surface six minutes later. It found water.


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"It's said that 'power corrupts', but actually it's more true that power attracts the corruptible." -David Brin, scientist and science fiction author (b. 6 Oct 1950)

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Arline Goldbaum married Richard Feynman while she was in a sanitarium with TB. Can you imagine what she must have been like? She was also a beauty, and he was crazy about her. She died three years later. 

After her death, Feynman wrote her a letter, writing on the envelope, "Please excuse my not sending this, but I don't know your new address."

 
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Mayor Zohran Mamdani’s pick for a key housing post once likened wealthy homeowners to “cartels”


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A Plague

Smallpox is the only human disease to have been eradicated.

Smallpox is highly infectious and has no known cure. It has been found as early as 1350 BCE, with cases in Egyptian mummies. Its infectivity has made it a popular adjunct for engineered bioweapons.

The ancient practice of variolation (named for smallpox, also known as variola or ‘la variole’) was widely used in Asia and some parts of Africa.  Small amounts of material from smallpox sores were transferred to healthy people, resulting in milder illness and much lower mortality than natural infection. Some sources suggest people practiced variolation as early as 200 BCE.

Written accounts from the mid-1500s describe a form of variolation used in China known as insufflation, where smallpox scabs were dried, ground, and blown into the nostril using a pipe.

In India, similar practices used inoculation with a lancet or needle to transfer material from smallpox pustules to the skin of healthy children. Accounts from the 18th century suggest this technique dates back hundreds of years. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu introduced the practice to Europe in 1721, after she observed the practice in the Ottoman Empire, where her husband was stationed as ambassador to Turkey. In the American colonies, after his slave Onesimus told him how it worked in 1716, Cotton Mather publicized it and argued for its use in response to a 1721 outbreak of smallpox in Massachusetts. John Adams and his wife used it on their children.

In 1796, hearing of local beliefs and practices in rural communities that cowpox protected against smallpox, Dr Edward Jenner inoculated 8-year-old James Phipps with matter from a cowpox sore on the hand of Sarah Nelmes, a local milkmaid. Later efforts to infect Phipps with smallpox failed, showing the idea worked. (The good doctor was experimenting on a child.)

Vaccination can apparently be a hard sell. Rumours circulated that it would turn people into cows.

Mandatory smallpox vaccination started in Britain and parts of the United States of America in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as in other parts of the world, leading to the establishment of the smallpox vaccination certificates required for travel. Despite over 2 million people dying every year, it took decades to achieve global unity in the fight against the disease. By the 1950s, advances in production techniques meant that heat-stable, freeze-dried smallpox vaccines could be stored without refrigeration.

In 1970, in West India, an outbreak led to a door-to-door search and vaccination program.

In 1980, with the virus limited to laboratory zoos, WHO declared smallpox officially eradicated.--much from a WHO paper

Origins and Definitions

On this day:

314
Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses his European territories.
1480
Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which results in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration of the Horde.
1895
Eulmi incident- Queen Min of Joseon, the last empress of Korea, is assassinated and her corpse burnt by the Japanese in Gyeongbok Palace.
1918
World War I: In the Argonne Forest in France, United States Corporal Alvin C. York kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132.
1921
KDKA in Pittsburgh’s Forbes Field conducts the first live broadcast of a football game.
1967
Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
1969
The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
1970
Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon’s October 7 peace proposal as “a maneuver to deceive world opinion”.

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Just because something is good does not mean that we have the obligation to maximize that.--Lowe

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Violence of WWI killed about 16 million people. The flu killed 50 million.

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Patricia Krenwinkel, a former Charles Manson follower, was granted parole on Tuesday after nearly six decades in prison for her role in the infamous Tate-LaBianca murders in Los Angeles.

This is the third time California's board of parole hearings has approved Krenwinkel, 78, for release. The first two paroles were blocked by the governor.

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The smallpox epidemic in the United States is the story of one of the first major American government public health measures, the start of required vaccinations, and the start of the antivax movement.  

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Origins and Definitions

Both socialism and communism flower in the manure of conflict and strife. To one degree or another, both originate in the smoldering--if often unspoken--antagonism among peoples, and each sees itself as the protagonist in the maturation of human economics requiring the destruction of the current corrupt system run by an actively hostile opponent.

The playbook for these conflicts is written down and distributed. Many are revered and taught in universities. The generalities are that a group--or groups--of people, knowingly or not, are selfishly strangling most of the population and must be overthrown and destroyed--in Marxist thought, deracinated--and replaced by the next phase embodied by a more pure, worthy, and inevitable group. The animosity between these groups--whether understood by the antagonists or not--must be taught to the protagonists and brought to a boil to destroy the other group.

So one group is generalized, hated, and, if history is any indicator, hunted down and killed--every man, woman, and child representative of the enemy class-- and replaced.

So why, looking at history and the self-declarations of these groups, isn't socialism a Hate Crime?