A study by academics at the International Islamic University Malaysia showed that Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries have 8.5 scientists, engineers, and technicians per 1000 population, compared with a world average of 40.7, and 139.3 for countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Forty-six Muslim countries contributed 1.17% of the world's science literature, whereas 1.66% came from India alone and 1.48% from Spain. Twenty Arab countries contributed 0.55%, compared with 0.89% by Israel alone. The US NSF [National Science Foundation] records that of the 28 lowest producers of scientific articles in 2003, half belong to the OIC.
The situation regarding patents is also discouraging, if you believe that these kinds of behaviors correlate with success: The OIC countries produce negligibly few. According to official statistics, Pakistan has produced only eight patents in the past 43 years.
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