On this day:
1501
Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII’s first wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII’s older brother – they would later marry.
1576
Eighty Years’ War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days, the city is nearly destroyed).
1677
The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later jointly reign as William and Mary.
1791
The Western Confederacy of American Indians wins a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash. The Shawnees and Miamis, under Little Turtle and Blue Jacket, inflict 85% casualties on slightly over 900 army soldiers at what is now Fort Recovery, Ohio. This was the biggest defeat of the US Army and the biggest victory of Native Americans in combat against the Europeans in history.
1839
The Newport Rising: the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
1847
Sir James Young Simpson, a British physician, discovers the anaesthetic properties of chloroform.
1921
The Sturmabteilung or SA, whose members were known as “brownshirts”, physically assault Adolf Hitler’s opposition after his speech in Munich.
1922
In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Pharaoh Tutankhamun’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
1942
World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein – Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
1956
Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution against the Soviet Union, which started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
1966
The Arno River flooded Florence, Italy, to a maximum depth of 6.7 m, leaving thousands homeless and destroying millions of masterpieces of art and rare books.
1979
Iran hostage crisis begins: a group of Iranians, mostly students, invades the US embassy in Tehran and takes 90 hostages (53 of whom are American)
***
When I get a little money I buy books; and if any is left I buy food and clothes. -Desiderius Erasmus, philosopher, humanist, and theologian (28 Oct 1466-1536)
***That would have been interesting. But it seems the noble dreams are never, ever tested.
***
Global call center headcount is 5.3% below its December 2023 peak, ending more than a decade of growth. It has fallen year over year for eight straight quarters, a decline that started in high-income countries and coincided with the rise of AI chatbots.
***
Trump's spiteful refusal to endorse John Cornyn, the likely easy winner for Senate in Texas, probably made no real difference in the election wipeout for the Republicans, but it was emblematic of Trump's needful, relentless shallow self-indulgence.
"It Strikes Me as Bizarre..."
"It strikes me as bizarre that today in the United States, a new pill to treat heartburn would have to go through months or even years of government approvals and testing before being released to the public. But the most powerful technology ever developed — capable of breaking into banks, shutting down power grids, or helping build bioweapons — can be released without even a preliminary government review.
We are having a collective failure of imagination about artificial intelligence. While many closest to the technology have issued grave warnings and urged oversight, it doesn’t seem to register as a major public concern. Congress has, of course, so far abdicated its role as lawmaker, and the Trump administration is delighted to let the industry regulate itself. . . ."--Zakaria
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