Saturday, October 12, 2024

Bananas and Anti-matter

Cities with high charter school enrollment have consistently improved achievement for low-income students, according to a new report from the center-left think tank the Progressive Policy Institute. Contrary to choice-skeptical talking points, charter schools breed innovation and push local public schools to improve as well.

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In the 1950s, men outnumbered women 2:1 in college.
By the 1990s, the ratio was 1:1.
Today the ratio is 4:6 with fewer men than women attending college

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Bananas and Anti-matter

Reasons to read Quora:

Bananas are high in potassium. Most potassium is 39K39K, but about one atom out of every 1200 is an isotope called Potassium-40, 40K40K.

Potassium-40 is radioactive. Most of the time, it decays by releasing an electron and an antineutrino to produce Calcium-40. Every now and then, it decays by β+ decay, releasing a positron—an antimatter electron—which then goes on to annihilate with the first electron it encounters, producing two high-energy gamma photons.

Thanks to 40K40K, all bananas are radioactive; in fact, there’s a unit of radioactivity called the “banana-equivalent dose.”--Veaux

Other foods rich in potassium (and therefore in 40K) include potatoes, kidney beans, sunflower seeds, and nuts, especially Brazil nuts.

Tobacco contains traces of thorium, polonium and uranium. The process of drying and then smoking the solid matter concentrates those radionuclides further, creating in essence technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material.

One BED is often correlated to 10-7 Sievert (0.1 µSv). The radiation exposure from consuming a banana is approximately 1% of the average daily exposure to radiation, which is 100 banana equivalent doses (BED). A chest CT scan delivers 58,000 BED (5.8 mSv). A lethal dose, which kills a human with a 50% risk within 30 days (LD50/30) of radiation, is approximately 50,000,000 BED (5000 mSv). However, this dose is not cumulative in practice, as the principal radioactive component is excreted to maintain metabolic equilibrium.

The BED is only meant to inform the public about the existence of very low levels of natural radioactivity within a natural food. It is not a formally adopted dose measurement.

2 comments:

Anonymous said...

Hope you’re doing well

jim said...

thanks. some stirrings of improvement.
J