Showing posts with label history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label history. Show all posts

Monday, May 11, 2026

The Danger of History

 




The defense lawyers for the 
most recent Trump attacker are trying to remove those people at risk during the attack from testifying because, as potential victims, they will not be objective.

There was a time in America when they would be called "witnesses."

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A Danger of History

I feared that on a recent trip to Knossos, one of the favorite places of my youth, I might be force-fed the old truth that "you can't go home again." I still believe that if you've never seen the astonishing ancient Minoan city, you should; but if you have seen it, you probably don't need to go back. 

The modern recreation of the archaeological site is now representational. It is history at arm's length. Wooden walkways guide us, restricting the remains from our contamination and us from the rugged terrain. Thus, the ruins--and we--are protected from each other. Modern cement has filled in spaces. The grass has been cut, the areas staked out, and some glassed over. Areas have been roped off. What was once a spontaneous immersion in a historical site of profound depth and meaning is now a visit to a museum or the Stations of the Cross.  

Analysis and micro-examination of the sources and evidence of one of the great human achievements has disrupted the very interstitium of life itself. Imagination can no longer fill in to enhance the gaps.

Wednesday, June 18, 2025

History and Its Discontents



On this day:
618
Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang Dynasty rule over China.
1178
Five Canterbury monks see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed. It is believed that the current oscillations of the Moon’s distance from the Earth (on the order of meters) are a result of this collision.
1429
French forces under the leadership of Joan of Arc defeat the main English army under Sir John Fastolf at the Battle of Patay. This turns the tide of the Hundred Years’ War.
1815
Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Waterloo results in the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte by the Duke of Wellington and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher forcing him to abdicate the throne of France for the second and last time.
1830
French invasion of Algeria
1858
Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin’s own, prompting Darwin to publish his theory.
1994
The Troubles: the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) open fire inside a pub in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, killing six civilians and wounding five.

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Altman says Meta is offering $100 million signing bonuses, plus substantial annual compensation, to attract AI researchers.

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The leader of Iran is 86.

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Israel and Iran are bombing the devil out of each other, but neither has declared war. Why is that?

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Is there scientific evidence of dye toxicity, or is this just another fad?

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Rep. Omar, an immigrant from Somalia, believes the U.S. has become "one of the worst countries in the world."

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History and Its Discontents

History weighs heavily on us. Theories abound. History is fulfilling itself, creating an inevitable future. We are psychologically prone to the same motives and emotions that have made the past, so the future will resemble it. Traditions mold us; institutions contain us.

We may be too young a country to exhibit this phenomenon, but Europe is very good at it. They have wars that last for decades, sometimes even centuries. They even reuse battlegrounds in addition to claims. Conservation. Despite this, not much has changed. Animosities, hatred, homicidal philosophies, and men are chewed to a pulp--and it starts again.

When this land was discovered, it was pristine. No wheel, no horse, some metal jewelry, little agriculture. The Europeans brought the things they could carry. They did not bring their enemies, only the memories of them. 

The Europeans struggled with the hostile environment, against an unfortunate Stone Age people, against their memories, and created a government out of the best of European thought. Contemplative. Based on the limits of rule, the best of man and what he could achieve when he was not suppressed for the advantage of others. A new start for the world.

As America has developed, it has had problems. It became an agricultural power, fought a war with itself to finish its vision, and struggled through the nascent industrial period. Throughout its growth, it has endured a lingering curse: some people who come here cannot embrace the future. They cannot escape their history.

Their memory created ghosts they think must be fought. Ethnicities battled in the cities over problems thousands of miles--and often years--away. Embittered European anarchists moved here and remained embittered despite not having an oligarchic enemy. When America entered the world community, some Americans took international positions based on their family origins. German-Americans joined isolationists in opposition to joining the European war. Israel created several opposition alliances. The homicidal caste vision of the homicidal Marxists has morphed like a malignant pest into CRT.

None of these problems is native to the nation. They are imported, like a new competitive fish species dumped in the ballast of ocean-going vessels that destabilize port environments. Furious Arab students might have an argument about Israel (although, to my mind, it is three generations too late). But it is not an argument for the New York streets. It is an argument for the Europeans and the Middle East. Our concern with the Middle East is shipping safety. And preventing nuclear insanity. The students involved might bring wonderful talent to the nation, but these angers are simply dislocated and should be repatriated.


Wednesday, March 12, 2025

1619 Is a Prime Number





Dubas has a ridiculous number of draft picks for the Penguins to work with over the next three years (18 in the first three rounds, including four first-rounders). He’ll also have an enormous amount of cap space (just over $26 million) to work with for next season. the problem will be, like the Pirates, the quality of the people working with those advantages.

***

A Falcon 9 launched two distinct NASA science missions March 11, SPHEREx and PUNCH. One will explore the infrared universe and one will study the solar wind.


The SpaceX Falcon 9 lifted off from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California at 11:10 p.m. Eastern. It placed into sun-synchronous orbits the Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) spacecraft and the four satellites of the Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH) mission. All five spacecraft were in contact with controllers and functioning as expected after launch, the agency stated.

NASA elected to launch SPHEREx and PUNCH together, using the excess capacity in the Falcon 9 originally procured for SPHEREx since both missions were going to similar orbits. It is part of an approach by NASA to take advantage of rideshare launch opportunities.

“This is a real change in how we do business,” Mark Clampin, acting deputy associate administrator for science at NASA, said at a March 7 prelaunch briefing. “We can maximize the efficiency of launches by two payloads at once.”

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Harvard Astrophysicist Willie Soon argues that solar variation, rather than human activity, is the primary driver of global warming. In an interview recently he said that modern physics has revealed physical laws too precise to be random.

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So now there is a Ukraine ceasefire. Doesn't this now require the goodwill of Putin, who in any other civilized world would be held responsible for the war and should be considered a war criminal?

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1619 Is a Prime Number

One of the appalling creations of the current race/propaganda/marketing gene splicing to crawl out of the Left's thought problem laboratory is the mind-numbing 1619 proposition floated by the formerly revered NYT. What is revelatory is how cynically commercial it is.

Here is a portion of a take on it from the New Criterion:

"It was to console its core readership that The New York Times undertook The 1619 Project in a special flood-the-zone issue of its Sunday magazine in August and then in a snazzy, graphics-heavy series of features on its website. For two years, the Times had invested heavily in the vaudeville entertainment called “Trump–Russia.” The spectacular failure of its leading man, Special Counsel Robert Mueller, to deliver a happy ending to that fiasco underscored the essential futility of the entire enterprise.

This was something that Dean Baquet, Executive Editor of the Times, grasped instantly. Last summer, he huddled with his staff in a town-hall-style meeting—the proceedings of which were promptly leaked—and acknowledged a sad truth: “We built our newsroom to cover one story” (the now-debunked story that Donald Trump had “colluded” with Russia to steal the 2016 election). The story didn’t pan out. “Now we have to regroup,” Baquet told the assembled troops, “and shift resources and emphasis to take on a different story.” What story? Henceforth, or at least “for the next two years”—the remainder of Trump’s first term—the Times was going all in on “race, and other divisions.” Robert Mueller couldn’t get Trump. Maybe the Times could by writing about race in a “thoughtful,” i.e., obsessive and one-sided, way—“something,” Baquet added “we haven’t done in a large way in a long time.”

So there you have it. “That, to me,” Baquet concluded, “is the vision for coverage. You all are going to have to help us shape that vision. But I think that’s what we’re going to have to do for the rest of the next two years.” 

Et voilà, The 1619 Project, which the paper described in a preface as a major initiative from The New York Times observing the 400th anniversary of the beginning of American slavery. It aims to reframe the country’s history, understanding 1619 as our true founding, and placing the consequences of slavery and the contributions of black Americans at the very center of the story we tell ourselves about who we are.

What followed was a stupefying race-based fantasy about the origins of the United States. The lead essay, by the black journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones, the “architect” of The 1619 Project, set the tone. “[O]ne of the primary reasons the colonists decided to declare their independence from Britain,” she wrote, “was because they wanted to protect the institution of slavery.” So, everything you learned about the American Revolution is wrong, or at least wrongheaded. Forget about the Stamp Act, the Boston Tea Party, the Intolerable Acts, “No taxation without representation,” etc. All that, utterly unmentioned by Ms. Hannah-Jones, was mere window dressing. The American colonists might talk about liberty. What they really cared about, according to this malignant fairy tale, was preserving and extending the institution of slavery. “[S]ome might argue,” as Hannah-Jones coyly puts it, “that this nation was founded not as a democracy but as a slavocracy.” Gosh. Of course, “some might argue” any number of incredible things: that the earth is flat, that the moon is made of green cheese, that The New York Times is still a responsible source of news and even-handed commentary. The fact that “some might argue” X does not mean that X is credible.

So it is with the preposterous idea that America was founded as a “slavocracy.” Hannah-Jones asserts that “anti-black racism runs in the very dna of this country.” The claim is obviously metaphorical; countries do not possess dna. But if one were to take the metaphor seriously, as tantamount to asserting that anti-black racism is an essential and therefore unalterable characteristic of America, then the whole 1619 Project would be pointless from the get-go. It would be like complaining about the roundness of a circle or the wetness of water.

Presumably, however, neither Hannah-Jones nor the Times intends for us to take the metaphor quite so seriously. For Hannah-Jones, what is wanted is an expression that simultaneously justifies the endless whining of black radicals about how victimized they are because of things that happened a few centuries ago while also stressing the perpetually renewable guilt (like the liver of Prometheus) of whites, all whites, those living today even more than those actually involved in the African slave trade in the seventeenth, eighteenth, or nineteenth centuries. For the Times, it fits in with what Power Line’s Paul Mirengoff called its “irresistible urge to delegitimize America.” That is the ultimate aim of The 1619 Project: to deliver another blow in the campaign to besmirch and diminish the political and moral achievement that is the United States of America. It is as despicable as it is mendacious.

You might say, Who cares about insane rantings in The New York Times? It is increasingly a niche publication for the credentialed, politically correct nomenklatura, totally out of touch with the main current of America and held afloat only by its unremitting attacks on anything to do with Donald Trump.

This is true. Nevertheless, the paper is not entirely without influence, even today. Indeed, various public school districts, including some in Chicago, have announced that they will supplement their curricula by distributing copies of The 1619 Project to students, thereby promulgating the racialist worldview expounded by that “major” “reframing” of our history. And though the copies will be paid for by the Times and donors, taxpayers will still be indirectly funding a version of history that is politically tendentious and wildly at odds with the facts. The Pulitzer Center (not affiliated with the famed prizes) has announced that it “is proud to be the education partner for The 1619 Project.” As we write, the Center’s website is full of little valentines to Hannah-Jones and her racialist, ahistorical fantasy about the founding of the United States.
We said that The 1619 Project was stupefying. What we meant was that the claims it makes are so outlandish, at once so ostentatiously at odds with historical reality while also being carefully framed in a corset of politically correct verbiage, that any critical response is at first stunned. Someone tells you that the Apollo 11 moon landing was a carefully staged hoax perpetrated by nasa or the Trilateral Commission or whatever. Your first response is a spluttering incredulity.

It is the same with the contention that 1619, the year that the first African slaves were brought to America, marked “the beginning of the system of slavery on which the country was built.” But there were already slaves and various other forms of indentured labor in the Americas as there were all over the world. To say that there were slaves in America is not to say that “the country was built” on slavery. Moreover, the African slaves were not “kidnapped” by American or British slavers, as Hannah-Jones asserts, but were sold by other black Africans who were happy to profit by selling people they had enslaved to the colonists.

Fortunately, a rational, historically informed response to The 1619 Project has been building. The National Association of Scholars has inaugurated the “1620 Project,” not just to commemorate the signing of the Mayflower Compact—a much more significant event in the history of the United States—but also to provide an occasion for thoughtful responses to some of the more outlandish claims made by Hannah-Jones and the other writers involved in the Times’s latest campaign of disinformation. (Among our favorites, the contention that double-entry bookkeeping was an innovation “whose roots twist back to slave-labor camps.”)

The distinguished historian Allen C. Guelzo, writing in City Journal, notes that 'The 1619 Project is not history: it is polemic, born in the imaginations of those whose primary target is capitalism itself and who hope to tarnish capitalism by associating it with slavery.' The great irony, Guelzo writes, is that 'The 1619 Project dispenses this malediction from the chair of ultimate cultural privilege in America,' The New York Times, 'because in no human society has an enslaved people suddenly found itself vaulted into positions of such privilege, and with the consent—even the approbation—of those who were once the enslavers.'”

(A prime number is distinct, whose only function is 1 and itself, that is it is not the product of any two numbers other than one and itself. It is a happy curiosity. In this instance, it is meant to be isolated, autogenerated, and alone. But it may not be a terrific metaphor for a calculated, propagandist lie intended to influence public opinion and education. That kind of act is neither quirky nor interesting. Beneath such mendacity is a malignant evil and its target is the very foundation of the nation, a foundation that allows the NYT to exist. Any notion intended to hobble the value and free nature of man should never be passively tolerated.)

Wednesday, July 3, 2024

A Manual of Patriotism


P. O. Joseph signs with St. Louis.

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Henderson wryly notes that, in 2015, a person acquired status by seeing “Hamilton.” By 2020, however, when the masses had made the musical contemptibly popular, former enthusiasts turned against it, saying it insufficiently reflected America’s failings. Its creator, Lin-Manuel Miranda, performed the expected grovel: “All the criticisms are valid.”--will

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45 American citizens were killed in the Hamas attack last October 7th and 12 were taken hostage. It was not brought up in the 'Debate."

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A Manual of Patriotism


A recent note suggested citizens read the Declaration of Independence. An interesting idea.

From an article I lost somewhere. Maybe Noonan?


"I’ve spent the past few days reading an old book, one that couldn’t possibly be published today because it’s so full of respect for America. “Manual of Patriotism: For Use in the Public Schools of the State of New York,” runs 461 pages of text and was published in 1900.  

The manual was written after the Legislature passed an 1898 law requiring public schools to display the American flag and “encourage patriotic exercises.” Organized veterans of the Civil War and of the Women’s Relief Corps, who were nurses on the battlefield, pushed for it to “awaken in the minds and hearts of the young” an “appreciation” for “the great deeds” of their nation.

Memorial Day meant a lot to those old veterans, but more was needed. Their generation was passing; they’d given everything to hold the nation together; they wanted the young to understand why.

Unsaid but between the lines: America at the turn of the 20th century was being engulfed by waves of immigrants; they too needed to understand what America is and means to be, so they would love it too.

What a book the manual is, what a flag-waving old classic.

How do you encourage love of country among schoolchildren? You let them have fun. You hold pageants and parades, have them read poems and learn songs. Let them dress up as figures in history and enact great events. This need not be costly: “An old-time coat or dress found in a garrett or unused drawer at home may serve all needful purposes.”

Tell the story of the American flag. The Continental Congress in 1777 said we need a national banner. Here enters the heroic Mrs. Elizabeth Ross of Philadelphia, known as Betsy, who, on the personal request of General Washington, started sewing. The stars and stripes from her hand, “were unfurled at the battle of Brandywine, in 1777. . . . They sang their song of triumph over defeated Burgoyne at Saratoga. . . . They saw the surrender of the enemy at Yorktown; they fluttered their ‘Goodbye’ to the British evacuating New York.”

Have children memorize and recite Longfellow’s “Paul Revere’s Ride.” Have them enact the battle of Lexington and Concord and read aloud Emerson’s “Concord Hymn”:

By the rude bridge that arched the flood,

Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled,

Here once the embattled farmers stood,

And fired the shot heard round the world.

Tell the story of the Mayflower, of the making and meaning of the Compact, of the landing on Plymouth Rock: Quote an old poem: “Here, on this rock, and on this sterile soil, / Began the kingdom, not of kings, but men; / Began the making of the world again.”

Remind children, as Sen. James G. Blaine once said, that the U.S. was long “the only country with a known birthday. All the rest began they know not when, and grew into power, they knew not how.” America wasn’t just some brute force that pushed up from the mud; we announced our birth with a Declaration that was “a revelation”: All men are created equal.

The manual includes a lot of opinions on historical events. One I liked was the assertion that the Civil War ended the day Ulysses S. Grant was buried in 1885. Why? Because America saw who his pallbearers were: “Johnston and Buckner on one side of his bier, and Sherman and Sheridan upon the other.” The first two were generals of the Confederate army, the last two of the Union Army. Henry Ward Beecher wrote that their marching Grant to his tomb was “a silent symbol that liberty had conquered slavery, and peace war.”

You come away from that vignette thinking not only “what men,” but “what a country” that could tear itself in two, murder itself, forgive itself, go on.

Parents, help your children love this country. It will be good for them, and more to the point this country deserves it.

Also when you don’t love something you lose it. We don’t want that to happen."

Sunday, May 5, 2024

Tres Plus Dos Equals Cinco de Mayo


Morally speaking, it is reactionary rather than progressive whenever the state expands its authority at the expense of society. Government handouts, subsidies, and interventions of every kind, no matter how dressed up with a specious humanitarianism, are essentially coercive measures by the state, encroaching more on more on the voluntary action of society.--Morley

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The recent wave of pro-Palestinian protests on college campuses came on suddenly and shocked people across the nation. But the political tactics underlying some of the demonstrations were the result of months of training, planning, and encouragement by longtime activists and left-wing groups, according to the WSJ.

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Funds marketed with a sustainable label were hit with $12.4bn in net outflows in the US in the past 12 months even as green funds in Europe added $126.3bn, according to the data provider Morningstar.

The rift between the jurisdictions is a sign that the political backlash against asset managers who take a position on environmental, social, and governance issues in the US has started to dampen the appetite for ESG strategies, analysts say.

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The strong nuclear force is estimated to be about 1038 times stronger than electromagnetism. This means that the forces that hold atomic nuclei together are billions of times stronger than the forces that hold atoms together through their electrons and electric charges.

The reason for this vast difference in strength is due to the properties of the particles that are involved. Electromagnetism is carried by photons, which have no mass and only interact with charged particles. In contrast, the strong nuclear force is carried by gluons, which are themselves charged and interact with other charged particles, as well as with quarks, the building blocks of protons and neutrons.

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Tres Plus Dos Equals Cinco de Mayo

The painting often identified as commemorating Cinco de Mayo in Mexico actually depicts the Spanish war with Napoleon's France two generations before the French war in Mexico. Nor is the event of Cinco de Mayo of much political significance--other than ironic--although it was a shocking military one.

Goya sought to commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon's armies during the occupation of 1808 in the Peninsular War, a savage affair fought by Spanish partisans against hard, regular French troops. This famous painting was The Third of May (along with its companion piece, The Second of May 1808 or The Charge of the Mamelukes.)


Third of May:




A half-century later in 1862, Spain's creditors ran out of patience with her debts. France, eager to expand her territory and following long-accepted custom of seizing a reluctant debtor's ports and collecting the tax receipts in lieu of their loan, invaded the Mexican port of Veracruz with the intent of collecting customs receipts until the debt was repaid. They also had another aim: They hoped to make their stay permanent with the placement of Maximilian on a Mexican throne. The French marched inland. This was an experienced, tough group and they proceeded virtually unopposed until they were confronted by a good-sized Mexican force in the small town of Puebla. There, against all expectation and logic, on 5 May 1862, Mexican troops, led by Ignacio Zaragoza, defeated a larger force of the elite French Foreign Legion. Mexican President Benito Juarez declared 5 May a national holiday -- Cinco de Mayo--although he certainly knew the truth. The French replaced their commander and sent thirty thousand reinforcements. In no time they controlled the cities and created the election that elected Maximilian Emperor of México.

Monday, February 27, 2023

Overcoming Failure


You can bet on professional wrestling.

***

Dilbert syndicator Andrews McMeel has called the strip “the most photocopied, pinned-up, downloaded, faxed and emailed comic strip in the world”.

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There is over $1.5 trillion in student debt in the U.S. Who pays that if those that assumed it do not? Are there other debts the government can cancel?

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Overcoming Failure

Readers who have followed the 1619 Project from its inception in 2019 as a New York Times Magazine special edition through its metamorphoses into a classroom curriculum in 2020, a book released in November 2021, an ongoing campus and library-lecture tour by 1619 Project impresario Nikole Hannah-Jones, and now a slickly photographed miniseries on Hulu narrated by Hannah-Jones, should by now not be surprised at four things.

First, while the project contains some useful perspective on the history of slavery, segregation, and racism in America, it is wrapped in a highly tendentious ideological framework that ranges from rank Democratic partisanship to Marxist economic and political theory. Second, it gets important facts glaringly wrong. Third, it advances arguments without the slightest shame or self-reflection after being called out publicly on getting the supporting facts for those arguments glaringly wrong in the past.

And fourth, it remains a lucrative brand entirely without regard to whether it gets its facts straight or peddles partisan or ideological agitprop. ---McLaughlin

Apparently, in American culture, quality and accuracy are not predictors of success or failure.

Monday, February 13, 2023

Eritrea

I have known a vast quantity of nonsense talked about bad men not looking you in the face. Don't trust that conventional idea. Dishonesty will stare honesty out of countenance, any day in the week, if there is anything to be got by it. -Charles Dickens, novelist (7 Feb 1812-1870)

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Dozens of students walked out of their New Hampshire school after the district banned urinals in a compromise to a proposal that would have blocked children from using facilities based on their gender identity.

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Since the Supreme Court struck down previous restrictions on sports betting in 2018, 36 states have legalized it (26 of which allow mobile betting), and new ballot initiatives are proposed every year.

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Eritrea

"Occupied," on Netflix, is a Norwegian-produced series conceived by the author Jo Nesbo, originally released in 2015. It has a mixed reputation, the first two seasons is apparently of high dramatic quality, then they lost their minds and thought they could run the thing for ten years and jumped the shark. A fourth season is coming.
One actress in the show is a woman named Selome Emnetu. She is a Norwegian actress, born in 1981 in Stavanger, Norway. She studied acting for three years at the Oslo National Academy of the Arts. She is of Eritrean descent.

Eritrean?
Map of Eritrea

Eritrea won independence from Ethiopia in 1993 after a 30-year war




Eritrea is located in East Africa. It is bordered to the northeast and east by the Red Sea, Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the southeast

Capital: Asmara

Area: 117,600 sq km

Population: 6.2 million

Languages: Tigrinya, Tigre, Arabic, English, Beja, Kunama, Saho, Bilen, Nara, Afar

Life expectancy: 64 years (men) 68 years (women)

The country has a single party and has had one leader since independence, President Isaias Afewerki, Eritrea has no legislature, no independent civil society organizations or media outlets, and no independent judiciary.

The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for "Red," the Red Sea.

At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was discovered by Eritrean and Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its kind and provides a link between hominids and the earliest anatomically modern humans.

Around 2000 BC, parts of Eritrea were most likely part of the Land of Punt, first mentioned in the twenty-fifth century BC.

The Red Sea became important with the completion of the Suez Canal and Eritrea was taken over by The Kingdom of Italy in 1889. 

The Italians lost the area in WWll and the British took over. After insistence by Halle Salasi, Eritrea was merged in a sort of federation with Ethiopia until it was granted independence after a 30-year resistance war.

Tuesday, October 18, 2022

Neanderthals R Us

 

Shady Side Academy has received the largest gift in the school’s 139-year history, a $15 million personal commitment from S. Kent Rockwell and his partner, Pat Babyak, in support of capital projects included in the school’s campus master plan.

***

John Fetterman’s stroke occurred on May 13, the Friday before the Tuesday primary in Pennsylvania.
His first brief statement about the stroke came out on Sunday, May 15.
First things first.

***

In the 17th century, words were sometimes coined by adding the suffix -tonian in a contemptuous manner. Other examples are sillytonian and simpletonian. The trend appears to have started after Muggletonian and Grindletonian, religious sects in 17th century England. Muggletonianism, for example, was started by two tailors one of whom was named Muggleton. According to Wiki, “Muggletonians avoided all forms of worship or preaching, and met only for discussion and socializing. The movement was egalitarian, apolitical, and pacifist, and resolutely avoided evangelism.”

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The White House is coordinating a five-year research plan to study ways of modifying the amount of sunlight that reaches the earth to temper the effects of global warming, a process sometimes called solar geoengineering or sunlight reflection.
Who are these people?

Winter is coming.

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Messrs. Tupy and Pooley describe the shift in argument as “the intellectual pilgrimage from worrying about running out of resources to worrying about running out of nature.” In this view, critics concede capitalism’s ability to produce the goods, but argue that this productive capacity itself is speeding us to our destruction. What use is everyone’s being able to afford a car if the price is making the climate unlivable?
But, the authors argue, it isn’t only that we produce more. It’s that we produce more in smarter ways, using fewer resources, and then using them in ways less harmful to the environment. --McCune

***

Neanderthals R Us

Prof Paabo is seen as one of the founders of the scientific discipline of paleogenomics. He won the 10m Swedish kronor (£800,000) prize this year, as did his father, Sune Bergstrom, who won the same Nobel Prize in 1982.
Scientists found a 40,000-year-old finger bone in the Denisova cave, in Siberia. Prof Paabo was able to sequence a sample of DNA and the results showed it was a previously unknown hominin - known as Denisovans. And it turned out Homo sapiens bred with Denisovans. In parts of South East Asia up to 6% of people's DNA is Denisovan.

Some of this genetic inheritance helps the body cope with low levels of oxygen, aids survival at high altitudes, and is found in present-day Tibetans.

His work shows there were already two distinct groups of hominins (Neanderthals and Denisovans) living in Eurasia when Homo sapiens spread from Africa. 
Analysis suggests these now extinct populations were small and relatively inbred and may not have been able to compete with rapidly expanding modern humans.

Further comparisons between Neanderthal DNA and humans from around the world showed their DNA was a closer match to humans coming from Europe or Asia.
This tells us that Homo sapiens bred with Neanderthals after migrating out of Africa around 70,000 years ago.
And you can still see the legacy of that today. Between 1-4% of modern human DNA comes from our Neanderthal relatives. (culled from BBC)

 

 

Sunday, August 14, 2022

Outgrowing the Past, or Not



Outgrowing the Past, or Not

Rushdie is recovering.

Police identified his attacker as Hadi Matar, 24, of Fairview, New Jersey.

“The Satanic Verses” stimulated death threats after it was published in 1988, with many Muslims regarding as blasphemy a dream sequence based on the life of the Prophet Muhammad, among other objections. In that sequence, the Prophet was depicted as considering a sort of polytheism, then rejecting it. Rushdie’s book had already been banned and burned in India, Pakistan and elsewhere before Iran’s Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a fatwa, or edict, calling for Rushdie’s death in 1989.

That means that the fatwa is older than the attacker.

And the past has a legacy.

Wednesday, May 5, 2021

Tres Plus Dos Equals Cinco de Mayo

 



          Tres Plus Dos Equals Cinco de Mayo

The painting often identified as commemorating Cinco de Mayo in Mexico actually depicts the Spanish war with Napoleon's France two generations before the French war in Mexico. Nor is the event of Cinco de Mayo of much political significance--other than ironic--although it was a shocking military one.

Goya sought to commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon's armies during the occupation of 1808 in the Peninsular War, a savage affair fought by Spanish partisans against hard, regular French troops. This famous painting was The Third of May (along with its companion piece, The Second of May 1808 or The Charge of the Mamelukes.)
Third of May:




A half-century later in 1862, Spain's creditors ran out of patience with her debts. France, eager to expand her territory and following long-accepted custom of seizing a reluctant debtor's ports and collecting the tax receipts in lieu of their loan, invaded the Mexican port of Veracruz with the intent of collecting customs receipts until the debt was repaid. They also had another aim: They hoped to make their stay permanent with the placement of Maximilian on a Mexican throne. The French marched inland. This was an experienced, tough group and they proceeded virtually unopposed until they were confronted by a good sized Mexican force at the small town of Puebla. There, against all expectation and logic, on 5 May 1862, Mexican troops, led by Ignacio Zaragoza, defeated a larger force of the elite French Foreign Legion. Mexican President Benito Juarez declared 5 May a national holiday -- Cinco de Mayo--although he certainly knew the truth. The French replaced their commander and sent thirty thousand reinforcements. In no time they controlled the cities and created the election that elected Maximilian Emperor of México.

Monday, September 14, 2020

1619 is a Prime Number, 2

                                        1619 is a Prime Number, 2

The following is excerpted from a review of a speech that Ms. Hannah-Jones gave to Holyoke. She is the creator of the bizarre 1619 Project. It is good to hear her speak because the 1619 project is so weird and vicious a notion that it makes one avert one's eyes. Hearing and seeing her thought process is revealing. And hopeful. Stupid and poorly articulated ideas are of a danger only to those with a death wish.


The American Revolution was a "revolution of the elite" and the "elite white men" who fought for the nation's freedom didn't intend "for us to have a democracy," the author of the New York Times 1619 Project said."I don’t think we’re an exceptional nation," Nikole Hannah-Jones said in an address at Mount Holyoke College's September Common Read Keynote event.

"I think that’s ludicrous for any nation to make that claim, and we certainly cannot make that claim. We’re a nation founded on genocide, and chattel slavery, and classism, and gender discrimination," Hannah-Jones said. "We’re not. We had exceptional ideas but we’re not an exceptional nation. But if you believe that, then your country can certainly withstand scrutiny."

The Frederick (MD) News-Post reported that: "The Pulitzer Center helped turn The New York Times’ The 1619 Project — which received worldwide attention when it was published last year — into a curriculum that’s now taught in more than 4,500 schools nationwide."

Asked if the U.S. would ever have a true democracy, Hannah-Jones responded that America at its “founding, did not believe in democracy."

President Donald Trump said on Sept. 6 that the Department of Education is examining the use of the 1619 Project in schools, and warned that institutions that teach this alternative narrative of American history could lose federal funding.

The 1619 Project, which is based on the premise that American history began in 1619 when African slaves arrived in Virginia and that everything following this should be viewed through that lens, has been discredited by several historians.

Sen. Tom Cotton, Arkansas Republican, introduced a bill in July which would deny funds to any school that uses the 1619 Project in its curriculum.

In a statement, Cotton called the project “a racially divisive, revisionist account of history that denies the noble principles of freedom and equality on which our nation was founded.”

In her Mount Holyoke address, Hannah-Jones also said it is a “fairytale” that “the demographic destiny of our country will turn us into a more interracial democracy," adding that when “white people” start to “lose an American majority, they always found ways to hold onto power."

Hannah-Jones cited examples of what she sees as “white people” maintaining “power," including Stacey Abrams’ failed gubernatorial candidacy in Georgia, the Electoral College, and alleged voter suppression laws.

The 1619 Project author said that she didn’t have faith in democracy, especially since “an open white nationalist and misogynist” who has “led the most corrupt administration in the history of this country” can still win this November’s election.

“Large numbers of white Americans are willing to suspend democratic principles to maintain racial power, and we’re seeing that,” Hannah-Jones said, citing an unnamed study.

"Anti-Americanism has been used against black activists, black scholars, black journalists pretty much as long as we’ve been in this country,” Hannah-Jones added. “It’s that our efforts to have our full humanity and full citizenship and to call this country out for its hypocrisies is seen as anti-American.”

Hannah-Jones called history taught in schools “a nationalistic agenda” and that it’s “not about truth, it's about giving us a shared sense of American exceptionalism and American identity and because of that you had to downplay genocide, you had to downplay what happened with chattel slavery, you had to downplay what happened to most marginalized groups."


Boiled down to its meatless bones, these notions, like most of the media and entertainment industry, substitute intensity for content with curious twists of views on very well analyzed and understood events, completely unsubstantiated accusations of individuals and giant groups, and insights reminiscent of that famous definition of the sociologist: Amazed by the obvious. Just imagine, that America at its “founding, did not believe in democracy." That these dastardly elites  didn't intend "for us to have a democracy." Who is responsible for such an outrage? How was this evil Republic slipped in under the guise of Democracy?
Thankfully, we have the current high-minded commentators to correct the errors of our inferior, misguided, and malicious Founders. Can you imagine any of these people holding the attention of Jefferson or Adams--or even Rutledge--for more than a minute?

Tuesday, August 25, 2020

CROATOAN

 



                                           Croaton

The English colonists who settled the so-called Lost Colony before disappearing from history simply went to live with their native friends — the Croatoans of Hatteras, according to a new book.


“They were never lost,” said Scott Dawson, who has researched records and dug up artifacts where the colonists lived with the Indians in the 16th century. “It was made up. The mystery is over.”

Dawson has written a book, published in June, that details his research. It is called “The Lost Colony and Hatteras Island,” and echos many of the sentiments he has voiced for years.

Teams have found thousands of artifacts 4-6 feet below the surface that show a mix of English and Indian life. Parts of swords and guns are in the same layer of soil as Indian pottery and arrowheads.


The evidence shows the colony left Roanoke Island with the friendly Croatoans to settle on Hatteras Island. They thrived, ate well, had mixed families and endured for generations. More than a century later, explorer John Lawson found natives with blue eyes who recounted they had ancestors who could “speak out of a book,” Lawson wrote.


The two cultures adapted English earrings into fishhooks and gun barrels into sharp-ended tubes to tap tar from trees.


The Lost Colony stemmed from an 1587 expedition. Just weeks after arriving, White had to leave the group of settlers — including his daughter, Eleanor Dare, and newborn granddaughter, Virginia — to get more supplies from England. White was not able to return for three years. When he arrived at Roanoke Island in 1590 he found “CROATOAN” carved on a post and “cro” on a tree. He found no distress marks.


They literally made a sign. It was expected the colonists would go with their friends, the Croatoans and tribe member, Manteo, Dawson said. Manteo had traveled to England with earlier expeditions and was baptized a Christian on Roanoke Island.


White later wrote of finding the writing on the post, “I greatly joyed that I had found a certain token of their being at Croatoan where Manteo was born ....”


A bad storm and a near mutiny kept White from reaching Hatteras. He returned to England without ever seeing his colony again.


The Secotans and the Croatoans hated each other, Dawson said. Secotans enslaved Croatoans just a few years before the English arrived. The English had burned a Secotan village in 1585.


The Croatoans befriended the English as powerful friends with guns and armor. White’s colony welcomed their friendship, especially after one of their members, George Howe, was killed by the Secotans.


White was concerned about the danger posed by the Secotans when he left for England. The Croatoans saved the colonists by taking them away from Roanoke Island to their Hatteras Island village, Dawson said.


“You’re robbing an entire nation of people of their history by pretending Croatoan is a mystery on a tree,” he said. “These were a people that mattered a lot.”

from The Virginian-Pilot

Friday, July 31, 2020

Tombs of the Mughals



Is there a "home field" advantage with no audience?

                                Tombs of the Mughals

The Mughals of Northern India are famous for their tombs, Humayun’s tomb in Delhi, Jahangir’s Tomb in Lahore and, of course, the Taj Mahal. Why so many tombs? Culture surely has something to do with it, although conservative Muslims tend to frown on tombs and ancestor worship as interference with the communication between man and God. Incentives are another reason.
Under the Mansabdari system which governed the nobility, the Mughal Emperor didn’t give perpetual grants of land. On death, all land that had been granted to the noble reverted back to the Emperor, effectively a 100% estate tax. In other words, land titling for the Mughal nobility was not hereditary. Since land could not be handed down to the next generation, there was very little incentive for the Mughal nobility to build palaces or the kind of ancestral homes that are common in Europe. The one exception to the rule, however, was for tombs. Tombs would not revert back to the Emperor. Hence the many Mughal tombs
Here is some lovely jali (stone lattice) work in Barber’s tomb in the Humayan tomb complex.
The Aga Khan Development Network has done some great restoration work on Isa Khan’s tomb, again in the Humayun’s tomb complex. Here’s the ceiling and another piece of jali work.
From Tabarrok

Monday, July 13, 2020

One Ring



Certainly governments have many failings, regardless of the type of government. One generally agreed upon common governmental function has become education, particularly early education. Whoy wouldn't the government decide to make their efforts in education, a testable effort with testable results, a proving ground of government's value?

                                                             One Ring

From Gareth Harvey on Twitter @OptimoPrincipi
1) A stranger than fiction Roman ring mystery thread: this enigmatic Roman gold ring was found in a ploughed field near Silchester in 1785. The square bezel has a portrait of the pagan goddess Venus, inscribed backwards SUNEV for use as a signet ring by the owner. Curiously...




2) ...around the ten-sided ring is crudely inscribed the identity of a later Christian owner, "Senicianus" who it proclaims with spelling errors "lives in god" (vivas in deo). A ring passing from pagan to Christian hands - certainly possible in the 4th century - but remarkably...




3)... at a temple to the mysterious British god “Nodens” 80 miles away in Lydney, Gloucestershire, a lead curse tablet (defixio) was later discovered. On the tablet a man named “Silvianus” complains that his gold ring was stolen and he suspects “Senicianus” was the culprit! ...




4) Silvianus deposited the curse tablet and donated at the temple half the value of his lost ring, in the hope that the gods would "permit no good health to Senicianus." In 1929 the archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler would make a connection between this curse and the gold ring...




5) Wheeler consulted a certain young J.R.R. Tolkien, Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford University, to work on the etymology of the curious deity Nodens and explore the possible connections with the enigmatic Roman gold ring...




6) Soon afterwards Tolkien would begin creating his legendarium of Middle-earth with both “The Hobbit” and “The Lord of the Rings” revolving around the magical, golden and often-stolen One Ring that grants the wearer invisibility. Had Tolkien been inspired by the Silvianus ring?




7) We might fancifully conclude then that in the mid 4th century AD, Silvianus - a late-Roman man still clinging on to the old pagan gods, had his beloved Venus ring stolen from him by a Christian that he knew named Senicianus. The pious thief then rededicated the pagan ring...




8) ...with his own ironic inscription, saying he "lives in God". The bitter Silvianus then travelled to an ancient pagan temple to deposit a curse on the Christian thief. We know the ring was subsequently lost but are left to imagine if fate ever caught up with Senicianus...




9) Two millienia later, both the ring and the curse on its thief are both discovered 80 miles apart. Wheeler and Tolkien, titans in their fields, analyse the mysterious artefacts and just maybe, the gold ring goes on to inspire one of the greatest works of fantasy literature. END





For those interested in seeing these ancient artefacts...
The Silvianus Ring is displayed at @TheVyneNT, Hampshire. The curse tablet is displayed at Lydney Park Estate, Gloucestershire  https://www.lydneyparkestate.co.uk/lydney-park-gardens